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English to Chinese: Microfinance: The hidden wealth of the poor Detailed field: Finance (general)
Source text - English In recent years, at least in some parts of the world, this bleak picture has begun to change, first in credit, then in savings and more recently in remittances. Even insurance—not only the basic life sort but also more sophisticated forms for things like cattle and weather risk—is gradually being introduced.
These changes have recently received a lot of attention in policymaking circles. Grand claims have been made that credit can end poverty. A World Bank report by Thorsten Beck, Asli Demirguc-Kunt and Soledad Martinez published last month shows a strong correlation between lack of financial access and low incomes. Earlier research by the first two authors and Ross Levine concluded that a sound financial system boosts economic growth and particularly benefits people at the bottom end of the income league. A long-term study in Thailand by Robert Townsend of the University of Chicago and Joe Kaboski of Ohio State University showed that families with access to credit invested more, consumed more and saved less than those without such access.
What makes microfinance such an appealing idea is that it offers “hope to many poor people of improving their own situations through their own efforts,” says Stanley Fischer, former chief economist of the World Bank and now governor of the Bank of Israel. That marks it out from other anti-poverty policies, such as international aid and debt forgiveness, which are essentially top-down rather than bottom-up and have a decidedly mixed record.
Translation - Chinese 这几年来至少在某些地区，这种凄凉的景像已经开始有所改变。首先是信贷业务，接着是存款服务，最近更涉及到汇款，甚至保险业也正在被引进，不仅仅包括各类基本的生活保险，也有为家畜和风险财产提供的保险。
English to Chinese: Ice core evidence of human impact on CO2 in air Detailed field: Environment & Ecology
Source text - English Air from the oldest ice core confirms human activity has increased the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere to levels not seen for hundreds of thousands of years, scientists said on Monday.
Bubbles of air in the 800,000-year-old ice, drilled in the Antarctic, show levels of CO2 changing with the climate. But the present levels are out of the previous range.
"It is from air bubbles that we know for sure that carbon dioxide has increased by about 35% in the last 200 years," said Dr Eric Wolff of the British Antarctic Survey.
"We really are in a situation where something is happening that we don't have any analogue for in our records. It is an experiment that we don't know the result of," he added.
Translation - Chinese 科学家指出，对最古老的冰核所含气体的分析可以确认人类活动已经使大气中的温室气体含量达到千百年来的最高水平。
English to Chinese: A Stern warning on global warming Detailed field: Environment & Ecology
Source text - English “The scientific evidence is now overwhelming: climate change presents very serious global risks, and it demands an urgent global response.”
That blunt, no-nonsense sentence begins the executive summary of a nearly 600-page independent British review of the economics of climate change released on 30 October 2006. (Because of its global import, a short summary has also been produced in Chinese and several other languages.) Known as the Stern Review, the long-awaited study by former World Bank chief economist Nicholas Stern considers the economic costs of the impacts of climate change, along with the costs and benefits of action to reduce emissions of the greenhouse gases (GHG) linked to that change.
Commissioned in July 2005 by Gordon Brown, Britain’s chancellor of the exchequer, the report asserts that “the benefits of strong, early action on climate change outweigh the costs.” Taking a global and long-range perspective, it states: “What we do now can have only a limited effect on the climate over the next 40 or 50 years. On the other hand, what we do in the next 10 or 20 years can have a profound effect on the climate in the second half of this century and in the next.”
Translation - Chinese “报告提供的科学证据不容置疑：气候变化是对全球的严重威胁，急需做出全球反应。”
English to Chinese: Central African Republic Detailed field: Tourism & Travel
Source text - English If it’s the ‘real’ Africa you’re looking for, Central African Republic (CAR) may be it. A country of staggering rare natural beauty, with some of the world’s most amazing wildlife, it nonetheless remains underdeveloped, fragmented and poverty-stricken. It’s a country, like so many in Africa, that could and should be very prosperous; it’s just that pesky ‘government-that doesn’t-care-about-its-people’ factor that gets in the way. The country has important mineral deposits and great natural resources, yet precious little of the wealth generated seeps down to the population. For centuries CAR has endured rapacity from invaders and then its own leaders. Sadly this is ongoing. So, why would the people of such a historically plundered nation be open, friendly and generous? As we said, that’s the real Africa for you.
Travelling here is a backpacking bungee jump. At the time of writing most of the country was not considered stable or safe enough to travel through. Look at the neighbours: to the east CAR borders on the troubled Darfur region of Sudan, to the north Chad is often in turmoil, to the south things are far from placid in Congo and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Only to the west is Cameroon a region of relative stability. Apart from business and government callers to the capital, a handful of lucky visitors search for gorillas and elephants in the Dzanga-Sangha National Park, in the little finger of land in the southeast corner of the CAR. Whatever you do check the situation with your embassy before attempting to visit.
Translation - Chinese 如果你想了解“真正的”非洲，中非共和国也许是你理想的选择。它拥有迷人的自然风景，世上最惊人的野生动植物，但同时落后，分裂和贫穷也并存在这个国家里。像非洲的多数国家一样，中非共和国能够也应该成为一个繁荣发展的国家，但是“置人民利益于不顾的”极端政府导致了中非目前的状况。重要的矿床地质和丰富的自然资源为这个国家创造着巨大的财富，但是这笔财富只有微乎其微的一点是属于中非人民的。几个世纪以来，中非人民长期遭受来自入侵者和本国领导阶层的贪婪掠夺。不幸的是，现在这种掠夺仍在延续。生活在历史以来一直被掠夺和剥削的国家里的人民怎么还能坦率、友好及慷慨地对待别人呢？这就是我们所说的真正的非洲。
中非之旅可以算得上是一场惊险之旅。目前，中非大部分地区局势动荡，并不是安全的旅游去处。看看中非的周边境况：中非东部与苏丹（Sudan）麻烦不断的达尔富尔地区（Darfur）接壤，北面与内乱不断的乍得（Chad）为邻，南面的刚果（Congo）及刚果民主共和国（the Democratic Republic of Congo）的国内局势也是动荡不安。只有西部边界喀麦隆（Cameroon）政局相对稳定一些。中非东南角那块巴掌大的地方上，除了首都前往的商务及政府人员外，只有少数幸运的访客在Dzanga-Sangha国家公园里搜索大猩猩及大象。在计划旅游之前，务必请与本国大使馆联系查询当地情况。
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Master's degree - London Metropolitan University
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Years of experience: 21. Registered at ProZ.com: Sep 2006.
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