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  3. Medical: Dentistry

sensitizer

French translation: sensibilisateur

10:06 Sep 4, 2021
English to French translations [PRO]
Medical - Medical: Dentistry / brevet composition dentaire
English term or phrase: sensitizer
The term “sensitizer” as used herein means any chemical compound that forms free radicals when activated, e. g. by exposure to light or interaction with a coinitiator in a photochemical process. For example, the compound of formula (I) represents a sensitizer.
orgogozo
France
Local time: 11:10
French translation:sensibilisateur
Explanation:
Acc. my knowledge, activators do not form free radicals, but acts as catalysator.

Enzyme activators are molecules that bind to enzymes and increase their activity. They are the opposite of enzyme inhibitors. These molecules are often involved in the allosteric regulation of enzymes in the control of metabolism. An example of an enzyme activator working in this way is fructose 2,6-bisphosphate, which activates phosphofructokinase 1 and increases the rate of glycolysis in response to the hormone glucagon. In some cases, when a substrate binds to one catalytic subunit of an enzyme, this can trigger an increase in the substrate affinity as well as catalytic activity in the enzyme's other subunits, and thus the substrate acts as an activator.
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzyme_activator

Photosensitizers produce a physicochemical change in a neighboring molecule by either donating an electron to the substrate or by abstracting a hydrogen atom from the substrate. At the end of this process, the photosensitizer eventually returns to its ground state, where it remains chemically intact until the photosensitizer absorbs more light. This means that the photosensitizer remains unchanged before and after the energetic exchange, much like heterogeneous photocatalysis.[1][2][3] One branch of chemistry which frequently utilizes photosensitizers is polymer chemistry, using photosensitizers in reactions such as photopolymerization, photocrosslinking, and photodegradation.[4] Photosensitizers are also used to generate prolonged excited electronic states in organic molecules with uses in photocatalysis, photon upconversion and photodynamic therapy. Generally, photosensitizers absorb electromagnetic radiation consisting of infrared radiation, visible light radiation, and ultraviolet radiation and transfer absorbed energy into neighboring molecules. 
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosensitizer

Therefore, I propose a literal translation:

Le terme "sensibilisateur" tel qu'il est utilisé ici désigne tout composé chimique qui forme des radicaux libres lorsqu'il est activé, ...
Selected response from:

Johannes Gleim
Local time: 11:10
Grading comment
Merci à tous
4 KudoZ points were awarded for this answer



Summary of answers provided
4 +2agent activateur
mchd
4 +2sensibilisateur
Johannes Gleim


Discussion entries: 2





  

Answers


5 mins   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5 peer agreement (net): +2
agent activateur


Explanation:
par exemple

mchd
France
Local time: 11:10
Native speaker of: French

Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
agree  Kim Metzger: https://www.theses.fr/1999LIL10081
13 hrs
  -> merci
agree  writeaway
1 day 3 hrs
  -> merci
Login to enter a peer comment (or grade)

5 hrs   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5 peer agreement (net): +2
sensibilisateur


Explanation:
Acc. my knowledge, activators do not form free radicals, but acts as catalysator.

Enzyme activators are molecules that bind to enzymes and increase their activity. They are the opposite of enzyme inhibitors. These molecules are often involved in the allosteric regulation of enzymes in the control of metabolism. An example of an enzyme activator working in this way is fructose 2,6-bisphosphate, which activates phosphofructokinase 1 and increases the rate of glycolysis in response to the hormone glucagon. In some cases, when a substrate binds to one catalytic subunit of an enzyme, this can trigger an increase in the substrate affinity as well as catalytic activity in the enzyme's other subunits, and thus the substrate acts as an activator.
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzyme_activator

Photosensitizers produce a physicochemical change in a neighboring molecule by either donating an electron to the substrate or by abstracting a hydrogen atom from the substrate. At the end of this process, the photosensitizer eventually returns to its ground state, where it remains chemically intact until the photosensitizer absorbs more light. This means that the photosensitizer remains unchanged before and after the energetic exchange, much like heterogeneous photocatalysis.[1][2][3] One branch of chemistry which frequently utilizes photosensitizers is polymer chemistry, using photosensitizers in reactions such as photopolymerization, photocrosslinking, and photodegradation.[4] Photosensitizers are also used to generate prolonged excited electronic states in organic molecules with uses in photocatalysis, photon upconversion and photodynamic therapy. Generally, photosensitizers absorb electromagnetic radiation consisting of infrared radiation, visible light radiation, and ultraviolet radiation and transfer absorbed energy into neighboring molecules. 
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosensitizer

Therefore, I propose a literal translation:

Le terme "sensibilisateur" tel qu'il est utilisé ici désigne tout composé chimique qui forme des radicaux libres lorsqu'il est activé, ...

Johannes Gleim
Local time: 11:10
Specializes in field
Native speaker of: German
PRO pts in category: 16
Grading comment
Merci à tous

Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
agree  José Patrício: sensibilisateur nom masculin photographie sensitizer - https://www.larousse.fr/dictionnaires/francais-anglais/sensi...
14 hrs
  -> Merci !
agree  Samuël Buysschaert
18 hrs
  -> Merci !
Login to enter a peer comment (or grade)



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