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switch-on current
ether solvents

Glossary entry

English term or phrase:

surge current

French translation:

surintensité

Added to glossary by Florence Piquemal
Jan 31, 2023 15:37
1 yr ago
33 viewers *
English term

surge current

English to French Tech/Engineering Electronics / Elect Eng Differential pressure measurement
Devices with integrated overvoltage protection must be earthed.
Overvoltage protection:
Nominal functioning DC voltage:
600 V
Nominal discharge current:
10 kA
Surge current check î = 20 kA as per DIN EN 60079-14
Proposed translations (French)
4 surintensité
3 +1 courant de choc
5 -2 courant d'appel (courant de surcharge)
4 -1 courant de crête
4 -2 Le courant d'enclenchement ou courant de choc

Discussion

Johannes Gleim Feb 5, 2023:
It's not special for contators, but for all switchig operations and interruptions. It does not depend on the kind of switch, but on the physics, i.e. the impedances and reactances in the circuit, which "react" to load variations and switching operations.
Kim Metzger Feb 2, 2023:
Herr Gleim wrote: 'Same current type like that asked before, but with different focus'.
But note Herbie's reply: "Courant d'appel" = pick-up current of a contactor, widely known among electricians
Jennifer Levey Feb 2, 2023:
@All Two very important details in Asker's context:
- a 'surge' does not only occur when a switch is closed - it can also occur later, as a result of slow or fast variations in the load;
- a 'surge' does not necessarily cause an 'overload' (surcharge).
Martin Buchet Jan 31, 2023:
Attention Lisa à ne pas confondre surtension et surintensité
Lisa Rosengard Jan 31, 2023:
Il y a des appareils à la sur-tension intégrée et protégée qui doit être mise à la terre.
florence metzger Jan 31, 2023:
courant transitoire anormal, surintensité.

Proposed translations

20 hrs
Selected

surintensité

Asker's ST also uses the term 'switch-on current', so the translation must properly reflect the difference between the two phenomena.

'surge current' refers to abnormally high currents that flow - usually owing to a fault in the load or to some external cause (eg: a lightning strike) - some time after the power has been switched on.

Note that a surge is not necessarily 'transient' (a brief 'spike'); a slow but potentially damaging surge may occur, for example, if the system is slowly overloaded, eventually reaching the current level where the surge current limiter is triggered.

Principal source (with a friendly nod to Johannes): my 50-year-old recollections of operating rotating electrical machines (including 25kW / 16kV DC rotary transformers built in the 1920/30s).

See also (amongst others): https://context.reverso.net/traduction/anglais-francais/surg...
Peer comment(s):
neutral Tony M : I think mere 'over-current' is too reductive here. As we are talking about VERY HIGH surge currents (10 kA), I think this really is talking about transient surges of the lightning strike variety.
1 hr
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4 KudoZ points awarded for this answer.
-2
5 hrs

Le courant d'enclenchement ou courant de choc

Le courant d'enclenchement ou courant d'appel est le nom donné à la surintensité transitoire qui se produit lors de la mise sous tension de certains récepteurs électriques. Ce courant, qui peut atteindre 10 à 50 fois le courant du régime établi, peut requérir d'utiliser des dispositifs de protection adaptés qui permettront le passage de ce courant élevé : fusibles temporisés ou disjoncteurs magnétothermiques spécifiques (accompagnement moteur, courbe D… dont le courant coupé par effet magnétique est très supérieur à celui coupé par effet thermique).

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 5 heures (2023-01-31 21:32:05 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

Inrush or Surge currents are a sudden current drawn by a device when first switched on. This surge in current will only last a few cycles of the input power until it returns to a normal state. Often caused by energy storage devices used with mutlifunction decoders.
https://dccwiki.com/Inrush_Current
Reference:

https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Courant_d%27enclenchement

Peer comment(s):
disagree Jennifer Levey : 'courant d'enclenchement' and 'courant d'appel' are valid answers for Asker's previous question (switch-on current). 'surge current' is a different concept and requires a different term. 'courant de choc' does not appear in your explanation.
40 mins
disagree Tony M : I agree with Jennifer: this is a different kind of 'surge', not the same as the 'switch-on surge' discussed elsewhere
10 hrs
Something went wrong...
-2
21 hrs

courant d'appel (courant de surcharge)

Same current type like that asked before, but with different focus, cf. https://eng.proz.com/kudoz/english-to-french/electronics-ele...

Inrush current, input surge current, or switch-on surge is the maximal instantaneous input current drawn by an electrical device when first turned on.
https://dbpedia.org/page/Inrush_current

Inrush current, input surge current, or switch-on surge is the maximal instantaneous input current drawn by an electrical device when first turned on.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inrush_current

Le courant d'enclenchement ou courant d'appel est le nom donné à la surintensité transitoire qui se produit lors de la mise sous tension de certains récepteurs électriques. Ce courant, qui peut atteindre 10 à 50 fois le courant du régime établi,
https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Courant_d'enclenchement

Area Electronic tubes / Current, voltage and power
IEV ref 531-16-06
en surge current of an electrode
the peak electrode current under exceptional conditions such as switching-on conditions or fault conditions
fr courant de surcharge d'une électrode, m
valeur de crête du courant d'électrode dans des conditions exceptionnelles telles que l'allumage ou des conditions de défaut
https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ie...

Area Electrical installations / Voltages and currents
IEV ref 826-11-15
en overload current,
overcurrent occurring in an electric circuit, which is not caused by a short-circuit or an earth fault
fr courant de surcharge,

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 21 hrs (2023-02-01 13:07:17 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

Area Electrical installations / Voltages and currents
IEV ref 826-11-15
en overload current,
overcurrent occurring in an electric circuit, which is not caused by a short-circuit or an earth fault
fr courant de surcharge,

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 21 hrs (2023-02-01 13:08:09 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

Surcharge de courant non répétitive sans tension réappliquée /
No repetive surge current without voltage reapplie
https://docs.rs-online.com/89c1/0900766b8050bfb6.pdf

4.3 Courant de surcharge / Inrush Current
Cette série utilise une thermistance de puissance pour protéger le circuit du courant d'appel.
https://www.digiparts.ch/data/product_datasheets/Manual_MPS2...

limite le courant de surcharge à 1,8 fois la valeur de son calibre.
e-t-a.com
The highest possible overcurrent is limited to 1.8 or 1.5 times rated current.
e-t-a.be

tension d'alimentation maxi 150V - 50/60 Hz - courant de surcharge nominal : 10A - 10s - protection électronique
leroy-somer.com
maximum power supply: 150V - 50/60 Hz - Rated overload current: 10 A - 10 s
leroy-somer.com
https://www.linguee.fr/francais-anglais/search?source=auto&q...

Si un courant de surcharge est appliqué, la fusion commence de préférence au niveau de cette partie plus mince.
If an overcurrent is applied, fusing starts preferably at this thin part.

Le seuil de déclenchement des disjoncteurs thermiques dépend de la valeur du courant de surcharge.
Technology The trip time of thermal circuit breakers depends on the overload current.
https://context.reverso.net/translation/french-english/coura...

Le disjoncteur réenclenchable s'ouvre dans des conditions de courant de surcharge prolongée.
The resettable breaker opens upon prolonged overload current conditions.
https://fr.techdico.com/traduction/francais-anglais/courant ...
Peer comment(s):
disagree Jennifer Levey : If the same ST also refers to 'switch-on surge', then a different term is needed here. And you are confusing 'surge' with 'overload' - again, they're different concepts, with different translations.
58 mins
Courant de surcharge is also proposed. Please read: 'Same current type like that asked before, but with different focus'. Both terms describe the same effect.
disagree Herbie : Another CL5-Superflop. "Courant d'appel" = pick-up current of a contactor, widely known among electricians
21 hrs
If I, as an electrical engineer, know both terms and their different aspects, I may well use CL 5. And the references support this.
Something went wrong...
+1
23 hrs

courant de choc

Peer comment(s):
agree Anastasia Kalantzi
3 days 23 hrs
Something went wrong...
-1
1 day 21 hrs

courant de crête

Le courant crête est l'intensité du courant qu'un circuit absorbe pendant un temps plus ou moins court (et il est supérieur au courant de travail). Cet effet se produit dans certains circuits, lorsqu'une tension leur est appliquée.
Peer comment(s):
neutral Jennifer Levey : The question is about 'surge', not 'peak'.
2 hrs
disagree Tony M : That would translate 'peak' current, which is a quite different concept from 'surge' current.
9 hrs
Something went wrong...
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